Crescimento e Produtividade Comercial da Cultura da Cebola Submetida a Diferentes Lâminas de Irrigação

Gabriel Alves Botelho de Mello; Daniel Fonseca de Carvalho; Adelson Paulo de Araújo; Daniela Pinto Gomes; Joilma Maria de Souza; Darliane Cristina Soares de Souza; Luiz Fernando de Sousa Antunes; José Guilherme Marinho Guerra

doi:10.21664/2238-8869.2026v15i1.8338

Authors

Gabriel Alves Botelho de Mello Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3588-2539
Daniel Fonseca de Carvalho Universidade Federal de Viçosa https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7629-9465
Adelson Paulo de Araújo Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4106-6175
Daniela Pinto Gomes Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1373-4604
Joilma Maria de Souza Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6365-6603
Darliane Cristina Soares de Souza Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4802-6547
Luiz Fernando de Sousa Antunes Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8315-4213
José Guilherme Marinho Guerra Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3532-9661

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21664/2238-8869.2026v15i1.8338

Keywords:

water use efficiency, plant metabolism, stress adaptation, sustainable cultural practices, agroecosystem

Abstract

Onion exhibits high sensitivity to water deficit, especially during the bulb development stage. In organic systems, this characteristic is intensified, making irrigation management decisive for growth and yield. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of different irrigation depths on onion growth and commercial yield under organic management, across two field experiments conducted in 2014 and 2015. The experimental design was a randomized block, with five replications and four irrigation depths (42%, 50%, 83%, and 100% of the total depth, controlled by an Automatic Irrigation Trigger – AIT). Plant dry biomass (PDB), leaf area index (LAI), leaf area (LA), crop growth rate (CGR), net assimilation rate (NAR), and commercial bulb yield were evaluated. In 2015, the higher irrigation depths (83% and 100% of AIT) significantly promoted greater biomass accumulation, leaf area, and growth rate. Although in 2014 no significant effects of irrigation depths were observed on vegetative growth parameters, in both years, commercial bulb yield was higher with the use of greater irrigation depths. Reduced depths (42% and 50% of AIT) resulted in lower crop growth and substantial reductions in yield. It is concluded that the application of adequate irrigation depths is essential to optimize onion growth and yield in organic systems, with water deficit being a severe limiting factor.

References

Andrade, Valfran José Santos, Raimundo Rodrigues Gomes Filho, Rychardson Rocha de Araujo, et al. 2022. “Lâminas de Irrigação e Doses de Potássio Na Produção e Eficiência Do Uso Da Água No Cultivo Da Cebola: Irrigation Blades and Potassium Doses in the Production and Efficiency of Water Use in Onion Cultivation”. Brazilian Journal of Development 8 (9): 62700–62726. https://doi.org/10.34117/bjdv8n9-150.

Araújo, Adelson Paulo. 2003. “Análise de variância dos dados primários na análise de crescimento vegetal”. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, janeiro 1, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1678-3921.pab2003.v38.6537.

Bachie, Oli G., Louis S. Santiago, e Milton E. McGiffen. 2019. “Physiological Responses of Onion Varieties to Varying Photoperiod and Temperature Regimes”. Agriculture 9 (10): 214. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture9100214.

Carvalho, Adheilton Rogers Pilé de, Mário de Miranda Vilas Boas Ramos Leitão, Gertrudes Macario de Oliveira, Irai Manuela Santana Santos, e Jairton Fraga Araújo. 2017. “Consumo Hídrico, Produtividade e Qualidade Da Cebola Sob Diferentes Manejos de Irrigação Em Cultivo Orgânico”. Revista Verde de Agroecologia e Desenvolvimento Sustentável 12 (3). https://agris.fao.org/search/en/providers/122436/records/675988d8c7a957febdfb2349.

Feitosa, Jardênia R., Haroldo C. Fernandes, Paulo R. Cecon, Daniel M. Leite, Filipe M. T. Nery, e Janielle S. Pereira. 2020a. “Onion Yield as a Function of Soil Tillage System and Soil Water Content”. Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental 24: 115–20. https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v24n2p115-120.

Feitosa, Jardênia R., Haroldo C. Fernandes, Paulo R. Cecon, Daniel M. Leite, Filipe M. T. Nery, e Janielle S. Pereira. 2020b. “Onion Yield as a Function of Soil Tillage System and Soil Water Content”. Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental 24: 115–20. https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v24n2p115-120.

Gabriel, André, Alison F. Nogueira, Douglas M. Zeffa, et al. 2022. “Productivity, Physicochemical Quality and Early Flowering Resistance of Experimental Onion Hybrids”. Horticultura Brasileira 40: 197–207. https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-0536-20220209.

Hunt, Roderick. 1982. Plant Growth Curves: The Functional Approach to Plant Growth Analysis. Arnold.

IBGE. 2023. “Produção de Cebola no Brasil | IBGE”. Produção de Cebola. https://www.ibge.gov.br/explica/producao-agropecuaria/cebola/br.

Kurtz, Claudinei, Volnei Pauletti, Jamil A. Fayad, e João Vieira Neto. 2016. “Crescimento e absorção de nutrientes pela cultivar de cebola Bola Precoce”. Horticultura Brasileira 34: 279–88. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-053620160000200020.

Medici, Leonardo Oliveira, Hermes Soares da Rocha, Daniel Fonseca de Carvalho, Carlos Pimentel, e Ricardo Antunes Azevedo. 2010. “Automatic Controller to Water Plants”. Scientia Agricola 67: 727–30. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-90162010000600016.

Mitku, Demeke Tamene, e Temesgen Fentahun Adamite. 2025. “Determination of Optimum Irrigation Scheduling and Water Productivity for Onion Production in Mandura District, North-West Ethiopia”. International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management 10 (2): 59–67. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnrem.20251002.11.

Oliveira, V. R. 2022. “Cebola - Portal Embrapa”. Cebola, janeiro 21. https://www.embrapa.br/agencia-de-informacao-tecnologica/cultivos/cebola.

Souza, Moises Alves de, Alessandro Carlos Mesquita, Welson Lima Simões, e Jony Eishi Yuri. 2017. “Rendimento e qualidade da cebola cultivada em condições semiáridas sob diferentes sistemas de irrigação”. MAGISTRA 29 (1): 64–70. https://periodicos.ufrb.edu.br/index.php/magistra/article/view/4059.

Terán-Chaves, César Augusto, Luis Montejo-Nuñez, Carina Cordero-Cordero, e Sonia Mercedes Polo-Murcia. 2023a. “Water Productivity Indices of Onion (Allium Cepa) under Drip Irrigation and Mulching in a Semi-Arid Tropical Region of Colombia”. Horticulturae 9 (6): 632. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae9060632.

Terán-Chaves, César Augusto, Luis Montejo-Nuñez, Carina Cordero-Cordero, e Sonia Mercedes Polo-Murcia. 2023b. “Water Productivity Indices of Onion (Allium Cepa) under Drip Irrigation and Mulching in a Semi-Arid Tropical Region of Colombia”. Horticulturae 9 (6): 632. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae9060632.

Tolossa, Tasisa Temesgen. 2021. “Onion yield response to irrigation level during low and high sensitive growth stages and bulb quality under semi- arid climate conditions of Western Ethiopia”. Cogent Food & Agriculture 7 (1): 1859665. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311932.2020.1859665.

UzDaily. 2023. “A new record for onion cultivation has been set: up to 150 tons were collected from each hectare”. UzDaily.uz, outubro 20. https://www.uzdaily.uz/en/a-new-record-for-onion-cultivation-has-been-set-up-to-150-tons-were-collected-from-each-hectare/.

Zegeye, Mesele Belay, Tesfahun Ayanaw Alemu, Moges Asmare Sisay, Sisay Genanu Mulaw, e Tadesse Wudu Abate. 2024. “Factors Affecting Onion Production: An Empirical Study in the Raya Kobo District, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia”. PLOS ONE 19 (6): e0305134. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0305134.