A Luta pelos Direitos Humanos: Cartografia da Atuação da Comissão Interamericana de Direitos Humanos em Casos Contra a República Federativa do Brasil

Abstract

Brazil, as a continental country, is characterized by large areas of environmental preservation and an abundant amount of soil and climate suitable for agribusiness. Therefore, it should not have land conflicts or suffer from cases of violence against its citizens. Unfortunately, violence is present in the country and some of the most emblematic cases reach international courts, such as those addressed in this article, which is the result of research developed during the post-doctoral internship in the Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Human Rights - PPGIDH at the Federal University of Goiás. The objective of this article is to analyze the cases in which Brazil appears as a defendant in the Court of the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights. Of the various cases reported, eleven were accepted by the court, some have already been judged while others are in progress. Throughout the studies, six maps and four tables were prepared with the aim of better analyzing and understanding the cases by state, with special emphasis on the number, location, chronology of events, criminal classification and plaintiffs. It was found that the Central-West Region is the only one that has not had cases processed by the IACHR Court, while the Northeast, North, Southeast and South Regions, in that order, were the ones that presented the most cases. The cases occurred between 1972 and 2009, the average processing time is approximately 11 years, and four cases are still awaiting judgment. The results found allow us to identify patterns of occurrences and their respective locations, contributing to the actions of the security and justice agencies of the Brazilian state, aiming not only at the application of penalties, but also at enabling preventive action in favor of peace, social justice and environmental protection.