Endophytic Fungi: A Natural Source of Bioactive Compounds and Biotechnological Applications
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21664/2238-8869.2023v12i3.p163-176Keywords:
scientometrics, metabolites, natural compoundsAbstract
Endophytic fungi are microorganisms that live inside plants and are a promising source of bioactive molecules. These fungi have aroused a growing interest in research due to their ability to produce a variety of substances. Thus, this study aims to emphasize the relevance of endophytic fungi present in plants as a source of bioactive compounds, which have several applications in biotechnology. For this, scientometrics was used as a methodology, based on a search in the ScienceDirect database using the terms "endophytic fungi", "plants", "metabolites" and "biotechnological application" in a time frame between 2015 and 2022. These fungi have aroused a growing interest in research due to their ability to produce a variety of bioactive compounds. The interaction between endophytic fungi and plants is crucial for plant survival, and many of the compounds produced by fungi have biotechnological potential. Scientometrics revealed an increase in the number of publications on the subject, with emphasis on research studies and reviews. The prospection of endophytic fungi has focused on families of plants with medicinal attributes. These complex interactions between fungi and plants play an important role in plant health and development. Research in this area continues to grow, with many compounds identified as potential bioactive products in diverse biotechnological applications.
References
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Antunes SS, Rabelo VWH, & Romeiro NC 2021. Natural products from Brazilian biodiversity identified as potential inhibitors of PknA and PknB of M. tuberculosis using molecular modeling tools. Comput. Biol. Med 136: 104694.
Ávila-Robinson A, & Sengoku S 2017. Tracing the knowledge-building dynamics in new stem cell technologies through techno-scientific networks. Scientometrics 112(3): 1691-1720.
Baron NC, & Rigobelo EC 2022. Endophytic fungi: A tool for plant growth promotion and sustainable agriculture. Mycology, 13 (1): 39-55.
Bisogno M, Dumay J, Rossi FM, & Polcini PT 2018. Identifying future directions for IC research in education: a literature review. J. Intellect. Cap. 19(1): 10-33.
Biswas D, Biswas P, Nandy S, Mukherjee A, Pandey DK, & Dey A 2020. Endophytes producing podophyllotoxin from Podophyllum sp. and other plants: A review on isolation, extraction and bottlenecks. J. S. African Bot. 134: 303-313.
Capari L, Wilfing H, Exner A, Höflehner T, & Haluza D 2022. Cooling the city? A scientometric study on urban green and blue infrastructure and climate change-induced public health effects. Sustainability 14(9): 4929.
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Caruso G, Abdelhamid MT, Kalisz A, & Sekara A 2020. Linking endophytic fungi to medicinal plants therapeutic activity. A case study on Asteraceae. Agriculture, 10(7): 286.
Chakrabartty I, & Rangan L 2022. Alpinia nigra and Its Bioactive Compound, Labdane Diterpene: A Review of Their Phytochemical and Biopharmaceutical Potential. NERC, 227-248.
Chowdhury K, Emran MD, Jeon J, Ok Rim S, Park YH, Kyu Lee S, & Bae H 2017. Composition, diversity and bioactivity of culturable bacterial endophytes in mountain-cultivated ginseng in Korea. Scientific reports 7(1): 1-10.
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Constantin M, Raut I, Gurban AM, Doni M, Radu N, Alexandrescu E, & Jecu L 2022. Exploring the Potential Applications of Paecilomyces lilacinus 112. Appl. Sci. 12(15): 7572.
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Do Carmo G, Felizardo LF, de Castro Alcântara V, da Silva CA, & do Prado JW 2023. The impact of Jürgen Habermas’s scientific production: a scientometric review. Scientometrics, 128(3): 1853-1875.
Ek-Ramos MJ, Gomez-Flores R, Orozco-Flores AA, Rodríguez-Padilla C, González-Ochoa G, & Tamez-Guerra P 2019. Bioactive products from plant-endophytic Gram-positive bacteria. Front. Microbiol. 10: 463.
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Gouda S, Das G, Sen SK, Shin HS, & Patra JK 2016. Endophytes: a treasure house of bioactive compounds of medicinal importance. Front. Microbiol. 7: 1538.
Gow NA, & Lenardon MD 2023. Architecture of the dynamic fungal cell wall. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 21(4): 248-259.
Grabka R, d’Entremont TW, Adams SJ, Walker AK, Tanney JB, Abbasi PA, & Ali S 2022. Fungal endophytes and their role in agricultural plant protection against pests and pathogens. Plants 11(3): 384.
Gupta P, Verma A, Rai N, Singh AK, Singh SK, Kumar B, ... & Gautam V 2021. Mass Spectrometry-Based Technology and Workflows for Studying the Chemistry of Fungal Endophyte Derived Bioactive Compounds. ACS Chem. Biol. 16(11): 2068-2086.
Gupta S, Chaturvedi P, Kulkarni MG, & Van Staden J 2020. A critical review on exploiting the pharmaceutical potential of plant endophytic fungi. Biotech Adv. 39: 107462.
Hagh-Doust N, Färkkilä SM, Moghaddam MSH, & Tedersoo L 2022. Symbiotic fungi as biotechnological tools: methodological challenges and relative benefits in agriculture and forestry. Fungal Biol. Rev. 42: 34-55.
Hassane AM, Taha TM, Awad MF, Mohamed H, & Melebari M 2022. Radical scavenging potency, HPLC profiling and phylogenetic analysis of endophytic fungi isolated from selected medicinal plants of Saudi Arabia. Electronic Journal of Biotechnology 58: 37-45.
Harman GE, Doni F, Khadka RB, & Uphoff N 2021. Endophytic strains of Trichoderma increase plants’ photosynthetic capability. J. Appl. Microbiol. 130(2): 529-546.
Harshitha K, Nair AR, & Pillai PP 2023. Overview of bioactive metabolite (s) produced by endophytes and future perspectives on epigenetic modification/regulation of cryptic biosynthetic pathways. Phytochem Lett. 53:116-131.
Hartanto A, Lutfia A, & Munir E 2019. Identification of a Potential IAA-Producing Fungus Isolated from Alpinia sp. Rhizome in Hutan Sibayak, North Sumatera. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1351(1): 012024. IOP Publishing.
Hawar SN 2022. Extracellular Enzyme of Endophytic Fungi Isolated from Ziziphus spina Leaves as Medicinal Plant. Int. J. Biomater., 2022: 2135927.
Jeong Y, Jang H, & Yoon B 2021. Developing a risk-adaptive technology roadmap using a Bayesian network and topic modeling under deep uncertainty. Scientometrics, 126: 3697-3722.
Jia M, Chen L, Xin HL, Zheng CJ, Rahman K, Han T, & Qin LP 2016. A friendly relationship between endophytic fungi and medicinal plants: a systematic review. Front. Microbiol. 7:906.
Lee K, Missaoui A, Mahmud K, Presley H, & Lonnee M 2021. Interaction between grasses and Epichloë endophytes and its significance to biotic and abiotic stress tolerance and the rhizosphere. Microorganisms 9(11): 2186.
Li P, Yang G, Qiu Y, Lin L, & Dong F 2015. Paeonol produced by Chaetomium sp., an endophytic fungus isolated from Paeonia suffruticosa. Phytochem Lett. 13: 334-342.
Lu H, Wei T, Lou H, Shu X, & Chen Q 2021. A critical review on communication mechanism within plant-endophytic fungi interactions to cope with biotic and abiotic stresses. Journal of Fungi 7(9): 719.
Malicka M, Magurno F, & Piotrowska-Seget Z 2022. Plant association with dark septate endophytes: When the going gets tough (and stressful), the tough fungi get going. Chemosphere 302:134830.
Manes-Rossi F, Nicolò G, & Argento D 2020. Non-financial reporting formats in public sector organizations: a structured literature review. JPBAFM, 32(4): 639-669.
Mao G, Huang N, Chen L, & Wang H 2018. Research on biomass energy and environment from the past to the future: A bibliometric analysis. Sci. Total Environ. 635: 1081-1090.
Mattoo AJ, & Nonzom S 2021. Endophytic fungi: Understanding complex cross-talks. Symbiosis 83(3), 237-264.
Mishra S, Sahu PK, Agarwal V, & Singh N 2021. Exploiting endophytic microbes as micro-factories for plant secondary metabolite production. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 105(18): 6579-6596.
Nawrot-Chorabik K, Sułkowska M, & Gumulak N 2022. Secondary Metabolites Produced by Trees and Fungi: Achievements So Far and Challenges Remaining. Forests 13(8): 1338.
Nisa H, Kamili AN, Nawchoo IA, Shafi S, Shameem N, & Bandh AS 2015. Fungal endophytes as prolific source of phytochemicals and other bioactive natural products: a review. Microbial Pathogenesis, 82: 50-59.
Papik J, Folkmanova M, Polivkova-Majorova M, Suman J, & Uhlik O 2020. The invisible life inside plants: Deciphering the riddles of endophytic bacterial diversity. Biotech Adv. 44: 107614.
Patino CM, & Ferreira JC 2018. Critérios de inclusão e exclusão em estudos de pesquisa: definições e por que eles importam. J Bras Pneumol, 44:84-84.
Peters MD, Marnie C, Tricco AC, Pollock D, Munn Z, Alexander L, ... & Khalil H 2020. Updated methodological guidance for the conduct of scoping reviews. JBI Evidence Synthesis, 18(10): 2119-2126.
Plakantonaki S, Roussis I, Bilalis D, & Priniotakis G 2023. Dietary Fiber from Plant-Based Food Wastes: A Comprehensive Approach to Cereal, Fruit, and Vegetable Waste Valorization. Processes, 11(5): 1580.
Qin X, Xu J, An X, Yang J, Wang Y, Dou M, ... & Fu Y 2023. Insight of endophytic fungi promoting the growth and development of woody plants. Crit. Rev. Biotechnol. 1-22.
Rana KL, Kour D, Sheikh I, Yadav N, Yadav AN, Kumar V, Singh BP, Dhaliwal HS, Saxena AK 2019. Biodiversity of endophytic fungi from diverse niches and their biotechnological applications. Advances in endophytic fungal research: present status and future challenges. Fungal Biology,105-144.
Saad MM, Ghareeb RY, & Saeed AA 2019. The potential of endophytic fungi as bio-control agents against the cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Egypt J Biol Pest Control 29(1): 1-7.
Salazar JM, Pomavilla M, Pollard AT, Chica EJ, & Peña DF 2020. Endophytic fungi associated with roots of epiphytic orchids in two Andean forests in Southern Ecuador and their role in germination. Lankesteriana, 20(1): 37-47.
Sasse J, Martinoia E, & Northen T 2018. Feed your friends: do plant exudates shape the root microbiome? Trends Plant Sci. 23(1): 25-41.
Satheesan J, & Sabu KK 2020. Endophytic fungi for a sustainable production of major plant bioactive compounds. Plant-derived Bioactives: Production, Properties and Therapeutic Applications, 195-207.
Schön ME, Nieselt K, & Garnica S 2018. Belowground fungal community diversity and composition associated with Norway spruce along an altitudinal gradient. PLoS One, 13(12): e0208493.
Sedio BE, Rojas Echeverri JC, Boya PCA, & Wright SJ 2017. Sources of variation in foliar secondary chemistry in a tropical forest tree community. Ecology, 98(3): 616-623
Shakour ZT, & Farag MA 2022. Diverse host-associated fungal systems as a dynamic source of novel bioactive anthraquinones in drug discovery: Current status and future perspectives. J. Adv. Res. 39: 257-273.
Singh R, & Dubey AK 2018. Diversity and applications of endophytic actinobacteria of plants in special and other ecological niches. Front. Microbiol., 9: 1767.
Taghinasab M, & Jabaji S 2020. Cannabis microbiome and the role of endophytes in modulating the production of secondary metabolites: an overview. Microorganisms, 8(3): 355.
Tiwari P, & Bae H 2022. Endophytic fungi: key insights, emerging prospects, and challenges in natural product drug discovery. Microorganisms, 10(2): 360.
Vorholt JA, Vogel C, Carlström CI, & Müller DB 2017. Establishing causality: opportunities of synthetic communities for plant microbiome research. Cell host & microbe, 22(2): 142-155.
Wang Q, & Schneider JW 2020. Consistency and validity of interdisciplinarity measures. Quantitative Science Studies, 1(1): 239-263.
Wang T, Chi M, Guo L, Liu D, Yang Y, & Zhang Y 2021. The diversity of root-associated endophytic Fungi from four epiphytic orchids in China. Diversity 13(5): 197.
Wen J, Okyere SK, Wang S, Wang J, Xie L, Ran Y, & Hu Y 2022. Endophytic fungi: an effective alternative source of plant-derived bioactive compounds for pharmacological studies. Journal of Fungi 8 (2): 205.
Yadav AN, Kour D, Kaur T, Devi R, & Yadav A 2022. Endophytic fungal communities and their biotechnological implications for agro-environmental sustainability. Folia Microbiol. 67(2): 203-232.
Yan L, Zhao H, Zhao X, Xu X, Di Y, Jiang C, ... & Jin M 2018. Production of bioproducts by endophytic fungi: chemical ecology, biotechnological applications, bottlenecks, and solutions. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 102: 6279-6298.
Zhang S, Yang Y, Li J, Qin J, Zhang W, Huang W, & Hu H 2018. Physiological diversity of orchids. Plant Diversity, 40(4): 196-208.
Agler MT, Ruhe J, Kroll S, Morhenn C, Kim ST, Weigel D, & Kemen EM 2016. Microbial hub taxa link host and abiotic factors to plant microbiome variation. PLOS Biol 14(1): e1002352.
Alamgir ANM, & Alamgir ANM 2018. Biotechnology, in vitro production of natural bioactive compounds, herbal preparation, and disease management (treatment and prevention). Therapeutic Use of Medicinal Plants and their Extracts: Volume 2: Phytochemistry and Bioactive Compounds, 585-664.
Antunes SS, Rabelo VWH, & Romeiro NC 2021. Natural products from Brazilian biodiversity identified as potential inhibitors of PknA and PknB of M. tuberculosis using molecular modeling tools. Comput. Biol. Med 136: 104694.
Ávila-Robinson A, & Sengoku S 2017. Tracing the knowledge-building dynamics in new stem cell technologies through techno-scientific networks. Scientometrics 112(3): 1691-1720.
Baron NC, & Rigobelo EC 2022. Endophytic fungi: A tool for plant growth promotion and sustainable agriculture. Mycology, 13 (1): 39-55.
Bisogno M, Dumay J, Rossi FM, & Polcini PT 2018. Identifying future directions for IC research in education: a literature review. J. Intellect. Cap. 19(1): 10-33.
Biswas D, Biswas P, Nandy S, Mukherjee A, Pandey DK, & Dey A 2020. Endophytes producing podophyllotoxin from Podophyllum sp. and other plants: A review on isolation, extraction and bottlenecks. J. S. African Bot. 134: 303-313.
Capari L, Wilfing H, Exner A, Höflehner T, & Haluza D 2022. Cooling the city? A scientometric study on urban green and blue infrastructure and climate change-induced public health effects. Sustainability 14(9): 4929.
Caruso DJ, Palombo EA, Moulton SE, & Zaferanloo B 2022. Exploring the promise of endophytic fungi: A Review of novel antimicrobial compounds. Microorganisms 10(10):1990.
Caruso G, Abdelhamid MT, Kalisz A, & Sekara A 2020. Linking endophytic fungi to medicinal plants therapeutic activity. A case study on Asteraceae. Agriculture, 10(7): 286.
Chakrabartty I, & Rangan L 2022. Alpinia nigra and Its Bioactive Compound, Labdane Diterpene: A Review of Their Phytochemical and Biopharmaceutical Potential. NERC, 227-248.
Chowdhury K, Emran MD, Jeon J, Ok Rim S, Park YH, Kyu Lee S, & Bae H 2017. Composition, diversity and bioactivity of culturable bacterial endophytes in mountain-cultivated ginseng in Korea. Scientific reports 7(1): 1-10.
Christenhusz MJ, & Byng JW 2016. The number of known plants species in the world and its annual increase. Phytotaxa 261(3): 201-217.
Constantin M, Raut I, Gurban AM, Doni M, Radu N, Alexandrescu E, & Jecu L 2022. Exploring the Potential Applications of Paecilomyces lilacinus 112. Appl. Sci. 12(15): 7572.
Costa-Coutinho JM, Jardim MA, Castro AAJF, & Viana-Junior AB 2019. Conexões biogeográficas de savanas brasileiras: partição da diversidade marginal e disjunta e conservação do trópico ecotonal setentrional em um hotspot de biodiversidade. Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física, 12(7): 2406-2427.
Do Carmo G, Felizardo LF, de Castro Alcântara V, da Silva CA, & do Prado JW 2023. The impact of Jürgen Habermas’s scientific production: a scientometric review. Scientometrics, 128(3): 1853-1875.
Ek-Ramos MJ, Gomez-Flores R, Orozco-Flores AA, Rodríguez-Padilla C, González-Ochoa G, & Tamez-Guerra P 2019. Bioactive products from plant-endophytic Gram-positive bacteria. Front. Microbiol. 10: 463.
Fontana DC, de Paula S, Torres AG, de Souza VHM, Pascholati SF, Schmidt D, & Dourado Neto D 2021. Endophytic fungi: Biological control and induced resistance to phytopathogens and abiotic stresses. Pathogens 10(5): 570.
Gouda S, Das G, Sen SK, Shin HS, & Patra JK 2016. Endophytes: a treasure house of bioactive compounds of medicinal importance. Front. Microbiol. 7: 1538.
Gow NA, & Lenardon MD 2023. Architecture of the dynamic fungal cell wall. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 21(4): 248-259.
Grabka R, d’Entremont TW, Adams SJ, Walker AK, Tanney JB, Abbasi PA, & Ali S 2022. Fungal endophytes and their role in agricultural plant protection against pests and pathogens. Plants 11(3): 384.
Gupta P, Verma A, Rai N, Singh AK, Singh SK, Kumar B, ... & Gautam V 2021. Mass Spectrometry-Based Technology and Workflows for Studying the Chemistry of Fungal Endophyte Derived Bioactive Compounds. ACS Chem. Biol. 16(11): 2068-2086.
Gupta S, Chaturvedi P, Kulkarni MG, & Van Staden J 2020. A critical review on exploiting the pharmaceutical potential of plant endophytic fungi. Biotech Adv. 39: 107462.
Hagh-Doust N, Färkkilä SM, Moghaddam MSH, & Tedersoo L 2022. Symbiotic fungi as biotechnological tools: methodological challenges and relative benefits in agriculture and forestry. Fungal Biol. Rev. 42: 34-55.
Hassane AM, Taha TM, Awad MF, Mohamed H, & Melebari M 2022. Radical scavenging potency, HPLC profiling and phylogenetic analysis of endophytic fungi isolated from selected medicinal plants of Saudi Arabia. Electronic Journal of Biotechnology 58: 37-45.
Harman GE, Doni F, Khadka RB, & Uphoff N 2021. Endophytic strains of Trichoderma increase plants’ photosynthetic capability. J. Appl. Microbiol. 130(2): 529-546.
Harshitha K, Nair AR, & Pillai PP 2023. Overview of bioactive metabolite (s) produced by endophytes and future perspectives on epigenetic modification/regulation of cryptic biosynthetic pathways. Phytochem Lett. 53:116-131.
Hartanto A, Lutfia A, & Munir E 2019. Identification of a Potential IAA-Producing Fungus Isolated from Alpinia sp. Rhizome in Hutan Sibayak, North Sumatera. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1351(1): 012024. IOP Publishing.
Hawar SN 2022. Extracellular Enzyme of Endophytic Fungi Isolated from Ziziphus spina Leaves as Medicinal Plant. Int. J. Biomater., 2022: 2135927.
Jeong Y, Jang H, & Yoon B 2021. Developing a risk-adaptive technology roadmap using a Bayesian network and topic modeling under deep uncertainty. Scientometrics, 126: 3697-3722.
Jia M, Chen L, Xin HL, Zheng CJ, Rahman K, Han T, & Qin LP 2016. A friendly relationship between endophytic fungi and medicinal plants: a systematic review. Front. Microbiol. 7:906.
Lee K, Missaoui A, Mahmud K, Presley H, & Lonnee M 2021. Interaction between grasses and Epichloë endophytes and its significance to biotic and abiotic stress tolerance and the rhizosphere. Microorganisms 9(11): 2186.
Li P, Yang G, Qiu Y, Lin L, & Dong F 2015. Paeonol produced by Chaetomium sp., an endophytic fungus isolated from Paeonia suffruticosa. Phytochem Lett. 13: 334-342.
Lu H, Wei T, Lou H, Shu X, & Chen Q 2021. A critical review on communication mechanism within plant-endophytic fungi interactions to cope with biotic and abiotic stresses. Journal of Fungi 7(9): 719.
Malicka M, Magurno F, & Piotrowska-Seget Z 2022. Plant association with dark septate endophytes: When the going gets tough (and stressful), the tough fungi get going. Chemosphere 302:134830.
Manes-Rossi F, Nicolò G, & Argento D 2020. Non-financial reporting formats in public sector organizations: a structured literature review. JPBAFM, 32(4): 639-669.
Mao G, Huang N, Chen L, & Wang H 2018. Research on biomass energy and environment from the past to the future: A bibliometric analysis. Sci. Total Environ. 635: 1081-1090.
Mattoo AJ, & Nonzom S 2021. Endophytic fungi: Understanding complex cross-talks. Symbiosis 83(3), 237-264.
Mishra S, Sahu PK, Agarwal V, & Singh N 2021. Exploiting endophytic microbes as micro-factories for plant secondary metabolite production. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 105(18): 6579-6596.
Nawrot-Chorabik K, Sułkowska M, & Gumulak N 2022. Secondary Metabolites Produced by Trees and Fungi: Achievements So Far and Challenges Remaining. Forests 13(8): 1338.
Nisa H, Kamili AN, Nawchoo IA, Shafi S, Shameem N, & Bandh AS 2015. Fungal endophytes as prolific source of phytochemicals and other bioactive natural products: a review. Microbial Pathogenesis, 82: 50-59.
Papik J, Folkmanova M, Polivkova-Majorova M, Suman J, & Uhlik O 2020. The invisible life inside plants: Deciphering the riddles of endophytic bacterial diversity. Biotech Adv. 44: 107614.
Patino CM, & Ferreira JC 2018. Critérios de inclusão e exclusão em estudos de pesquisa: definições e por que eles importam. J Bras Pneumol, 44:84-84.
Peters MD, Marnie C, Tricco AC, Pollock D, Munn Z, Alexander L, ... & Khalil H 2020. Updated methodological guidance for the conduct of scoping reviews. JBI Evidence Synthesis, 18(10): 2119-2126.
Plakantonaki S, Roussis I, Bilalis D, & Priniotakis G 2023. Dietary Fiber from Plant-Based Food Wastes: A Comprehensive Approach to Cereal, Fruit, and Vegetable Waste Valorization. Processes, 11(5): 1580.
Qin X, Xu J, An X, Yang J, Wang Y, Dou M, ... & Fu Y 2023. Insight of endophytic fungi promoting the growth and development of woody plants. Crit. Rev. Biotechnol. 1-22.
Rana KL, Kour D, Sheikh I, Yadav N, Yadav AN, Kumar V, Singh BP, Dhaliwal HS, Saxena AK 2019. Biodiversity of endophytic fungi from diverse niches and their biotechnological applications. Advances in endophytic fungal research: present status and future challenges. Fungal Biology,105-144.
Saad MM, Ghareeb RY, & Saeed AA 2019. The potential of endophytic fungi as bio-control agents against the cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Egypt J Biol Pest Control 29(1): 1-7.
Salazar JM, Pomavilla M, Pollard AT, Chica EJ, & Peña DF 2020. Endophytic fungi associated with roots of epiphytic orchids in two Andean forests in Southern Ecuador and their role in germination. Lankesteriana, 20(1): 37-47.
Sasse J, Martinoia E, & Northen T 2018. Feed your friends: do plant exudates shape the root microbiome? Trends Plant Sci. 23(1): 25-41.
Satheesan J, & Sabu KK 2020. Endophytic fungi for a sustainable production of major plant bioactive compounds. Plant-derived Bioactives: Production, Properties and Therapeutic Applications, 195-207.
Schön ME, Nieselt K, & Garnica S 2018. Belowground fungal community diversity and composition associated with Norway spruce along an altitudinal gradient. PLoS One, 13(12): e0208493.
Sedio BE, Rojas Echeverri JC, Boya PCA, & Wright SJ 2017. Sources of variation in foliar secondary chemistry in a tropical forest tree community. Ecology, 98(3): 616-623
Shakour ZT, & Farag MA 2022. Diverse host-associated fungal systems as a dynamic source of novel bioactive anthraquinones in drug discovery: Current status and future perspectives. J. Adv. Res. 39: 257-273.
Singh R, & Dubey AK 2018. Diversity and applications of endophytic actinobacteria of plants in special and other ecological niches. Front. Microbiol., 9: 1767.
Taghinasab M, & Jabaji S 2020. Cannabis microbiome and the role of endophytes in modulating the production of secondary metabolites: an overview. Microorganisms, 8(3): 355.
Tiwari P, & Bae H 2022. Endophytic fungi: key insights, emerging prospects, and challenges in natural product drug discovery. Microorganisms, 10(2): 360.
Vorholt JA, Vogel C, Carlström CI, & Müller DB 2017. Establishing causality: opportunities of synthetic communities for plant microbiome research. Cell host & microbe, 22(2): 142-155.
Wang Q, & Schneider JW 2020. Consistency and validity of interdisciplinarity measures. Quantitative Science Studies, 1(1): 239-263.
Wang T, Chi M, Guo L, Liu D, Yang Y, & Zhang Y 2021. The diversity of root-associated endophytic Fungi from four epiphytic orchids in China. Diversity 13(5): 197.
Wen J, Okyere SK, Wang S, Wang J, Xie L, Ran Y, & Hu Y 2022. Endophytic fungi: an effective alternative source of plant-derived bioactive compounds for pharmacological studies. Journal of Fungi 8 (2): 205.
Yadav AN, Kour D, Kaur T, Devi R, & Yadav A 2022. Endophytic fungal communities and their biotechnological implications for agro-environmental sustainability. Folia Microbiol. 67(2): 203-232.
Yan L, Zhao H, Zhao X, Xu X, Di Y, Jiang C, ... & Jin M 2018. Production of bioproducts by endophytic fungi: chemical ecology, biotechnological applications, bottlenecks, and solutions. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 102: 6279-6298.
Zhang S, Yang Y, Li J, Qin J, Zhang W, Huang W, & Hu H 2018. Physiological diversity of orchids. Plant Diversity, 40(4): 196-208.
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2023-10-27
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COERTJENS, Nicole Carneiro; MASCARENHAS, Maria do Socorro; BATISTOTE, Margareth. Endophytic Fungi: A Natural Source of Bioactive Compounds and Biotechnological Applications. Fronteiras - Journal of Social, Technological and Environmental Science, [S. l.], v. 12, n. 3, p. 163–176, 2023. DOI: 10.21664/2238-8869.2023v12i3.p163-176. Disponível em: https://revistas2.unievangelica.edu.br/index.php/fronteiras/article/view/6838. Acesso em: 21 nov. 2024.
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