Contrasting fish biomarker responses between streams with different environmental conditions
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21664/2238-8869.2021v10i1.p427-443Keywords:
Ecotoxicology; Antioxidant enzymes; Genotoxicity.Abstract
Streams are environments susceptible to anthropic impacts that harm aquatic organisms by affecting their homeostasis. This study aimed to determine variations in the response of biochemical and genetic biomarkers of fish under the influence of anthropogenic impacts. For this, individuals of the tetra fish Astyanax lacustris were exposed in an impacted stream and one of its non-impacted tributaries (reference) during the dry and rainy seasons. For biochemical analyzes, we evaluated the antioxidant enzymes catalase and glutathione peroxidase and lipid peroxidation in tissue samples of gills and liver. For the genotoxicity test, we evaluated micronuclei and nuclear anomalies in blood samples. The antioxidant enzymes showed seasonal variation, regardless of the stream; lipid peroxidation didn’t differ between seasons or between streams. The frequency of micronuclei and nuclear abnormalities were more frequent in the impacted stream during the rainy season, probably in response to the leaching of toxic compounds that tends to be increased in that season. These results support the use of nuclear biomarkers in biomonitoring programs.
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