Processos Evolutivos na Amazônia e na Mata Atlântica

Autores

  • Henrique Batalha-Filho Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA.
  • Cristina Yumi Miyaki Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21664/2238-8869.2014v3i2.p34-44

Resumo

A Floresta Amazônica e a Mata Atlântica estão entre os ecossistemas com os maiores índices de biodiversidade do mundo, e estão separadas pela diagonal de áreas abertas da América do Sul, que é formada pelos biomas Chaco, Cerrado e Caatinga. Na Mata Atlântica estudos sobre evolução e biogeografia têm mostrado que os ciclos glaciais do Pleistoceno tiveram importante papel na diversificação da biota residente em suas florestas. Além disso, outros estudos apontam que atividades tectônicas ocorridas durante o fim do Terciário e no Quaternário possivelmente contribuíram para a diversificação de algumas linhagens. Contudo, na Amazônia, o estabelecimento da drenagem atual da bacia do Rio Amazonas tem sido atribuído como um dos principais mecanismos responsáveis para a origem da biota residente no bioma. Ademais, o soerguimento dos Andes também vem sendo apontado como um dos mecanismos responsáveis pela diversificação da Amazônia. Entretanto, tanto na Mata Atlântica quanto na Amazônia, a origem da biodiversidade parece ter sido produto de uma história bastante complexa, e assumir que esta diversificação foi originada por um ou poucos processos evolutivos é simplista demais. O que parece ter acontecido nestas florestas foi um processo de diversificação contínuo ao longo do tempo, e extremamente complexo com diversas forças atuantes.

Palavras-Chave: Biogeografia; Região Neotropical; Biodiversidade.

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Publicado

2014-12-28

Como Citar

BATALHA-FILHO, Henrique; MIYAKI, Cristina Yumi. Processos Evolutivos na Amazônia e na Mata Atlântica. Fronteira: Journal of Social, Technological and Environmental Science, [S. l.], v. 3, n. 2, p. 34–44, 2014. DOI: 10.21664/2238-8869.2014v3i2.p34-44. Disponível em: https://revistas2.unievangelica.edu.br/index.php/fronteiras/article/view/1001. Acesso em: 22 dez. 2024.

Edição

Seção

Dossiê - Cultura, História e Biodiversidade